Question 1: In the case
of individuals who suffer from mental illness and commit suicide how would that
be understood from both a determinist and free will point of view?
This question is actually really tricky, but I feel like it is an important issue to question within these circumstances. Firstly, I know that from the determinist perspective the suicide is predetermined. No matter what happened prior to the incident the suicide had to happen. The person does not have any way to change the events. Along with that, their mental illness is predetermined. The whole event, their illness and the suicide, was already laid out to happen. There was no way of interfering with it no matter what precautions were taken. If it happened, it was inevitable.
However, it becomes more complicated from the free will perspective. To what point can someone have control of a mental illness? I do not know how much of the free will perspective I have unraveled because there is a lot in that theory that makes this question hard to understand. One thing is certain: that the point of view on this subject from the free will perspective is very different from the determinist point of view.